Monoammonium Phosphate (12-61-0) is a chemical compound with the formula NH4H2PO4. It is a widely used source of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N), two essential nutrients for plant growth. This compound appears as a white crystalline solid and is highly soluble in water, making it an efficient source of nutrients for agricultural applications.
Here are some key aspects of Monoammonium Phosphate:
Characteristics of MAP (12-61-0)：
High Phosphorus Content: MAP is prized for its high phosphorus content, essential for plant energy transfer and photosynthesis, among other functions.
Water Solubility: Its high-water solubility ensures that phosphorus is readily available to plants for absorption.
Acidic Reaction: When applied to the soil, MAP temporarily lowers the pH of the surrounding soil, making it particularly beneficial in alkaline soils.
Versatility: It can be applied in granular form directly to the soil or dissolved in water for use as a liquid fertilizer, making it versatile for various application methods.
Low Hygroscopicity: Compared to other fertilizers, MAP does not absorb moisture from the air as easily, which helps in its storage and handling.
Molecular Weight: 115.03 g/mol
CAS Number: 7722-76-1
Areas of Application：
Agriculture: MAP is extensively used in the agricultural sector to promote root and shoot growth in crops. It's especially beneficial at the beginning of the growth cycle, where phosphorus uptake plays a crucial role in the development of a strong root system.
Horticulture and Gardening: In horticulture and gardening, MAP is used for flowers, fruits, and vegetables to enhance bloom and fruit development. Its application is crucial for the early stages of plant growth.
Hydroponics: Due to its high solubility, MAP is a preferred nutrient source in hydroponic systems, where nutrients are delivered to plants in a water-based solution.
Seed Starting: The high phosphorus content in MAP is beneficial for seed germination and early seedling growth. It is often used in starter fertilizer blends.
Turf Management: MAP is applied to turf and lawns, especially when establishing new turf, as phosphorus is vital for seedling development and root growth.
Forestry and Reclamation: In forestry and land reclamation projects, MAP is used to promote the establishment of plantings in degraded soils, aiding in soil stabilization and vegetation establishment.
The application rate of Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP) fertilizer (12-61-0) in different crops varies widely depending on several factors, including the specific crop needs, soil type, soil pH, existing soil nutrient levels, and the crop's growth stage. MAP is primarily used for its phosphorus content, which is crucial for root development, flower and fruit formation, and overall plant energy transfer. Here's a general guideline on how much MAP might be used for different crops, keeping in mind that specific recommendations should be based on soil tests and agronomic advice:
General Application Rates：
1. Cereals (Wheat, Corn, Rice, etc.):
Wheat and Corn: 50-150 lbs per acre (56-168 kg/ha) at planting or before sowing.
Rice: Similar rates as wheat and corn, adjusted based on soil test results.
2.Oilseeds (Soybeans, Canola, etc.):
Soybeans: 40-100 lbs per acre (45-112 kg/ha), depending on soil fertility.
Canola: Up to 100 lbs per acre (112 kg/ha), especially in soils low in phosphorus.
3. Fruits and Vegetables:
The application rate can vary significantly from 30-200 lbs per acre (34-224 kg/ha), with higher rates for crops with higher phosphorus demands or in soils with low phosphorus levels.
4. Potatoes:
100-200 lbs per acre (112-224 kg/ha), applied at planting to promote tuber development.
5. Orchards and Vineyards:
Rates can vary widely, often 50-150 lbs per acre (56-168 kg/ha), applied in the early spring before bloom or as directed by soil tests.
6. Turf and Lawns:
3-5 lbs per 1000 square feet (15-25 kg/ha), applied in the spring or fall to support root development.
Fire Extinguisher Production:
Monoammonium Phosphate (12-61-0) is not only a valuable fertilizer but also an effective fire extinguishing agent. It is a key ingredient in dry chemical fire extinguishers, particularly those classified as ABC extinguishers, which are designed to fight Class A (ordinary combustibles), Class B (flammable liquids and gases), and Class C (electrical) fires.
Here’s how it works and why it is used in this capacity:
1. Mechanism of Action
Fire Suppression: When Monoammonium Phosphate is dispersed over a fire, it melts and coats the fuel surface. This coating smothers the fire by isolating the fuel from the oxygen in the air, effectively extinguishing the flames.
Chemical Reaction: Upon heating, MAP releases ammonia and phosphoric acid, which help in fire suppression. The ammonia gas can dilute combustible gases in the air, reducing the oxygen level and hindering the combustion process, while the phosphoric acid promotes charring, creating a barrier that inhibits further combustion.
Cooling Effect: The endothermic reaction of MAP when heated can also help to cool the fire, further aiding in fire suppression.
2. Advantages as a Fire Extinguishing Agent
Versatility: MAP-based extinguishers are effective against a wide range of fires, making them suitable for various environments, including homes, offices, and industrial settings.
Non-Conductivity: Given its non-conductive nature, MAP is safe to use on electrical fires, making it an ideal agent for extinguishing fires involving electrical equipment without the risk of electrocution.
Ease of Cleanup: Although cleanup after discharge can be messy, MAP does not leave a corrosive residue, which is advantageous over some other extinguishing agents.
Metal Finishing and Cleaning:
Employed in the metal processing and finishing industries, MAP functions as a source of phosphorus, contributing to the formation of phosphate coatings on metal surfaces. These coatings improve corrosion resistance, enhance paint adhesion, and provide a protective layer.
Water Treatment:
In water treatment processes, particularly for boiler water conditioning, MAP helps control alkalinity levels and reduce the occurrence of scale deposits. These deposits can impede heat transfer and cause equipment damage. Additionally, MAP acts as a pH buffer in industrial wastewater treatment.
Comments